Stop, bilabial, voiceless /p/ as in pensəl/ /ˈæpəl/ /tɒp/ (pencil, apple and top)

Stop, bilabial, voiced /b/ as in /bæk/ / /ˈæmbə/ /kʌb/ (back, amber and cub)

Stop, dental, voiceless /t/ as in tiːʧə/ /ˈkaʊntə/ /kæt/ (teacher, counter, cat)

Stop, dental, voiced /d/ as in /deɪ/ /ˈtreɪdə/ /blʌd/ (day, trader, blood)

Stop, velar, voiceless /k/ as in /kɪŋ/ /ˈlʌki/ /eɪk/ (king, lucky, ache)

Stop, velar, voiced /g/ as in /geɪm/ /fəˈgɪv/ /bæg/ (game, forgive, bag)


Fricative, labiodental, voiceless /f/ as in friːdəm/ /ˈseɪfti/ /laɪf/ (freedom, safety, life)

Fricative, labiodental, voiced /v/ as in /ˈveʤtəbəl/ /ˈkævəti/ /keɪv/ (vegetable, cavity, cave)

Fricative, dental, voiceless /θ/ as in θɪatə/ /pɑːθ/ (theatre, path)

Fricative, dental, voiced /ð/ as in /ðə/ /ˈfɜːðə/ /wɪð/ (the, further, with)

Fricative, alveolar, voiceless /s/ as in /sʌn/ /ˈgɒsɪp/ /maɪs/ (sun, gossip, mice)

Fricative, alveolar, voiced /z/ as in /zuː/ /ˈriːzən/ /bɔɪz/ (zoo, reason, boys)

Fricative, palato-alveolar, voiceless /ʃ/ as in /ʃeɪp/ /əˈfɪʃəl/ /kæʃ/ (shape, official, cash)

Fricative, palato-alverolar, voiced /ʒ/ as in /ˈpleʒə/ (pleasure)

Fricative, glottal, voiceless /h/ as in /hænd/ /səˈhɑːrə/ (hand, Sahara)


Affricate, palato-alveolar, voiceless /ʧ/ as in /ʧek/ /əˈtæʧmənt/ /rɪʧ/ (check, attachment, rich)

Affricate, palato-alveolar, voiced /ʤ/ as in /ʤəʊk/ /ˈeɪʤənsi/ /peɪʤ/ (joke, agency, page)


Nasal, bilabial, voiced /m/ as in /miːt/ /ˈhæmbɜːgə/ /ɑːm/ (meat, hamburger, arm)

Nasal, alveolar, voiced /n/ as in /nɔːti/ /ˈʌndə/ /keɪn/ (naughty, under, cane)

Nasal, velar, voiced /ŋ/ as in /ˈɪŋglɪʃ/ /θɪŋk/ /siŋ/ (English, think, sing)


Approximant, lateral, voiced /l/ as in /leɪk/ /ˈɔːlweɪz/ /tɔːl/ (lake, always, tall)

Approximant, alveolar, voiced /r/ as in /reɪt/ /dp/ (rate, drop)

Approximant, bilabial, voiced /w/ as in /ˈwɔːtə/ /əˈweɪ/ (water, away)

Approximant, palatal, voiced /j/ as in /juːθ/ /njuː/ (youth, new)