The city as a figure of sadness, darkness and stress

1.HISTORICAL, SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ASPECTS THAT KEEP THE MOVEMENT

We could consider the Romanticism as an epidemic, since it extended over Europe, influencing not only in philosophy and arts, but also in politics and in science.

We don’t know either when and how this romantic disease was started. Already in the 18^th century we can see some announcing sparks of that hurricane. At the end of the 18^th century several revolutionary events took place in Europe, and that events mark the beginning of the new social order.

The 19^th century represents the change from the socio-political model of the Ancient Regime to the bourgeois democracy. The bourgeoisie becomes the ruling class, and the new economic system is established, the capitalism. At the same time the French and American Revolutions hope to divide the three powers and they also hope to get the popular sovereignty.

All those changes were the consequences of the First Industrial Revolution, because it made the people leave the countryside to go to the city to look for a job. It is for that reason that the bourgeois social class was that one that defended these changes and, as we have said, there was a progressive division of Illustrated models and nobility as holders of the ownership of the economic resources and political power.

Therefore, the Romanticism supposed the end of the classic order, because, since 1770 to 1880, Europe went to bed as an absolutist and neoclassical continent and got up as democratic and romantic. It’s clear that all that is thanks to the English Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) that develops the bourgeoisie and sets the liberalism basis; thanks to the French Revolution (1789) that proclaims the principles of freedom, equality and fraternity; thanks to the American Revolution with its Independence Declaration (1776) that becomes the human rights its centre and establishes the

Republic as the govern form and also becomes people as the exclusive source of power; and finally thanks to all these facts, freedom replaces tyranny, the absolutist power is limited and the democracy is elevated in government ideal.

2.ROMANTICISM: DEFINITION à Romina Prieto Gilabert

3. FEATURES OF ROMANTICISM à Vicente Nebot Pardo

4. THE CITY AS A FIGURE OF SADNESS, DARKNESS AND STRESSà Jordi Palacios Boix

5. AND WHAT IS DARK ROMANTICISM?à Carmen Bernabeu Sanvictorino

6. EXAMPLESà Javi Moreno Estruch y Carmina Peiro Domenech