John Ruskin: A Chronology

George P. Landow, Professor of English and Art History, Brown University

 1819
       John Ruskin is born in London on 8 February to John James and Margaret Cox Ruskin.
 1836
       Resides in Oxford, accompanied by his mother, until 1840. Publishes a series of articles entitled 'The Poetry of
       Architecture' in the Architectural Magazine (1837-8).
 1839
       Wins the Newdigate Prize for poetry at Oxford with Salsette and Elephanta. Meets Wordsworth.
 1840
       First meets Turner. Falls ill, possibly with consumption, and leaves Oxford for a foreign tour with parents which lasts
       from September until June. Meets Georgianna Tollemache, later Lady Mount-Temple, who remains one of his closest
       friends.
 1841
       Writes The King of the Golden River for Euphemia Chalmers Gray, whom he marries in 1848.
 1843
       Publishes first volume of Modern Painters anonymously in May.
 1844
       Revises Modern Painters I, deleting much of its polemics. Reads A. F. Rio's La Poesie de l'art chrétienne and
       continues studies of botonay and geology. Purchases Turner's The Slave Ship.
 1846
       Publishes Modern Painters, Volume II, which marks a new departure in his thought.
 1847
       Reviews Lord Lindsay's Sketches of the History of Christian Art in the June Quarterly Review. Unknown to
       Ruskin, Modern Painters II inspires William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti to
       emulate Tintoretto's fusions of visual realism and elaborate symbolism.
 1848
       Marries Euphemia Chalmers Gray, a distant cousin, on 10 April, after which he and his wife tour Normandy. Studies
       Gothic architecture.
 1849
       Publishes The Seven Lamps of Architecture. Works in Venice studying the city's architecture and history from
       November until March 1850.
 1850
       Publishes Collected Poems and The King of the Golden River, which is, however, dated the following year.
 1851
       Publishes the first volume of The Stones of Venice, 'Notes on the Construction of Sheepfolds', and
       Pre-Raphaelitism. Defends Hunt and Millais in letters to The Times after Coventry Patmore points out their work
       to him. Meets Millais, Rossetti, Hunt, and other members of the Pre-Raphaelite circle. Works in Venice from
       September until June 1852 on The Stones of Venice. Turner dies, having made Ruskin a trustee of his will.
 1853
       The second and third volumes of The Stones of Venice are published. Travels with wife, Millais, and Millais's
       brother in Scottish Highlands.
 1854
       Marriage annulled on grounds of non-consummation. (The following year Effie marries Millais.) Begins lecturing on art
       at the newly founded Working Men's College and becomes friendly with D. G. Rossetti and Elizabeth Siddall. Writes
       letters to The Times defending Pre-Raphaelite painting. Publishes Lectures on Art and Architecture delivered in
       Edinburgh the previous year.
 1855
       Begins Academy Notes, annual reviews of the June Royal Academy Exhibition which continue until 1859 (with a
       single issue in 1875). Meets Tennyson.
 1856
       Publishes the third and fourth volumes of Modern Painters, which concern the rise of Romantic art and attitudes
       towards landscape. Meets Charles Eliot Norton, his American friend, disciple, and popularizer.
 1857
       Publishes The Elements of Drawing and The Political Economy of Art. Lectures extensively and studies works in
       Turner bequest.
 1858
       Meets and falls in love with Rose La Touche. Decisively abandons his Protestant religious faith in Turin.
 1860
       Completes the final volume of Modern Painters and publishes political and social criticism in the Cornhill
       Magazine, but protests by readers prompt Thackeray, the editor, to limit Ruskin to four articles later published as
       Unto This Last (1862).
 1862
       Publishes "Essays on Political Economy" in Fraser's Magazine (1862-3); these are published in book form as
       Munera Pulveris in 1872.
 1864
       Ruskin's father dies on 2 March and leave him considerable wealth. Writes and delivers "Traffic" and "Of King's
       Treasuries."
 1865
       Publishes Sesame and Lilies.
 1866
       Publishes The Crown of Wild Olive and The Ethics of the Dust, this last work a series of dialogues with children
       explaining geology based upon his occasional teaching at the Winnington School. Ruskin's proposal of marriage to
       Rose La Touch begins a decade of frustration and emotional turmoil.
 1867
       Publishes Time and Tide, letters to a British labourer about social and political issues. Becomes friendly with the
       social worker Octavia Hill.
 1869
       Publishes The Queen of the Air, a study of Greek myth which expands idea found in the closing volumes of
       Modern Painters. Appointed the first Slade Professor of Fine Art at Oxford.
 1871
       Purchases Brantwood near Coniston in the Lake District from the radical W. J. Linton. Undertakes social experiments
       including street sweeping in London and road mending in Oxford. Begins publication of Fors Clavigera, which
       continues in monthly parts until 1878, after which it apears intermittently. Is serously ill, with mental and physical
       illnesses, at Matlock. Mother dies 5 December.
 1875
       Rose dies, insane, at age twenty-seven.
 1878
       Founds the Guild of St. George. Suspends Fors after an attack of madness in the spring and is unable to testify in
       Whistler v. Ruskin in November.
 1879
       Resigns Slade Profesorship at Oxford, in large part because of Whistler v. Ruskin.
 1880
       Recovering from attacks of madness, he resumes Fors and begins 'Fiction, Fair and Foul', a series that appears
       intermittently in the Nineteenth Century until October 1881. Publishes A Joy For Ever, an expanded version of The
       Political Economy of Art (1857).
 1883
       Resumes Professorship at Oxford after re-election and lectures on The Art of England, which contains extensive
       comments on Hunt, Rossetti, Burne-Jones, and other Victorian artists.
 1884
       Delivers "The Storm-Cloud of the Nineteenth Century" as a lecture at the London Institution and begins to publish the
       Oxford lectures entitled The Pleasures of England. Publishes The Art of England in book form. Frequently
       experiences mental turmoil.
 1885
       Continues publication of The Pleasures of England and publishes Praeterita, his autobiography, which appeared
       intermittently in parts until July 1889. Mental illness forces temporary cessation of writing.
 1886
       Suffers attacks of mental illness.
 1900
       Dies of influenze on 20 January and is buried in Coniston churchyard.

 URL: http://landow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/ruskin/pm/prologue.html

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