In the first stage of the Russian
Formalism authors used to study the poetical language centred on the verse,
the mechanisms of that composition and after they stablishe the concepts
in order to treat the narrative prose.
METODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS OF THE VERSE AND THE NARRATIVE PROSE: This distinction
between prose and verse is a very important distinction for the Formalists.
From the Romanticism, the more important thing is the author´s idea,
are mixed different styles. The form is a secundary thing. They quit the
distinction between verse and prose, the more important thing is the word.
For the Formalists, in the verse some fonological questions are the ones
with more importance. for O.brick the rhyme conditione the election of
the words and the syntactical structure. Jakubinsky is a member of the
St.Petesburgh school, and wrote "The sounds of the poetical work", where
he studied the sound effects of the verse (aliterations and rhyme). The
study of the poetical image. Is a Romantical tradition, when we consider
that the poetry express the feelings with the images. Image: sensible appearance
of the idea.
In
Russia A.Potebnja was very critized by the formalists despite they used
some of his ideas. The image is the shorter way to achieve the idea. V.Sklovsky:
the image is the shorter way to reach the idea. In some cases but it is
not art, this is in the general language, not desautomatitzation any perception.
The poetical image difficulties and makes longer the perception, this way
is a longer way. One of the main articles by V.Slovsky is the bonds about
the procedures of the connection and the general stylistic procedures that
study how is organized compositivetively one short story, what are the
formal components are the ones which articule that literary work. The conceptual
tradition that V.Sklovsky emerges is a literary theory of A.Vesebusky that
studies the legends and the popular tales, the study of sources that have
some motivations. A.Vsebusky uses some concepts that are: Motive, any tematic
element that could be treated in any tale and could also be aisled. Plot,
General topic of the work. This concepts appear in the formalism through
Sklovsky but with a different meaning. Sklovsky is going to explain the
argumentation of a tale as a articulation of motives that present a double
aspect. The motives are chained one to another in order to form a tale.
Motives, minimum elements formed in
order to create a tale, are actions that are chained and form a succesion,
a chain of causes and consequences, these have two aspects: Fable (Plot)
cronological and causal order of the motives and the causal relation and
effect, is an own ordenation of the material. Sjuzet: is the concrete structure
of the plot in a literary work. The formalism suposed the first proximity
to a rigorous method to explain one of the aspects of the composition of
a literary work. B.Eikenbaum wrote two articles, in these two articles
he treated the same problem, the problem of the literary style in the narrative
texts and how the prose have some stylistic values different than the ones
that have the verse, but makes also specific against the common language.
The novelty of the plan is that the value of a literary written work in
prose is in the thematic, the language is a secondary aspect. Eikenbaum
uses some literary resources to treat the prose as "Skaz". Skaz is a oral
tale, and there is also the presence of orality within the scripture. In
the literary language, there is an invasion of the orality within the scripture,
this way this implies one dinamitzation of the written language. In the
literary work we see: one tone of the author, further of the acts. one
coloquial tone, orality of the language of the characters. There is a level
of the narrative language of the author and a level with the irony of the
characters that are being mixed.