Dissertation Abstract

"This Appalling Narrative Business:" Virginia Woolf and the Conventions of Realism

This study places Virginia Woolf's narrative experimentation in the context of her rebellion against the conventions of nineteenth-century realism. Using a wide variety of contemporary critical approaches (including post-structuralist, French feminist and psychoanalytic perspectives), this dissertation contrasts the narrative discourse in the classic realist text with Virginia Woolf's idiosyncratic narrative style, focusing on the ideological and epistemological foundations of each. The comparison clarifies the aesthetic and political ramifications of Woolf's narrative experimentation. Each of the six chapters focuses on Woolf's deviation from a specific element of classic realism. Thus, while each chapter could potentially be an individual article, each chapter also ads a necessary dimension to the over-all study of Woolf's multifaceted reaction against the conventions of nineteenth-century realism.
Chapter one, "Woolf and the Phases of Fiction," places Woolf's narrative experimentation in the context of the history of the novel and the realistic tradition. Using her essay "Phases of Fiction" as a guide, many of Woolf's innovations are revealed to be a result of her conscious combination of elements from previous "phases" of the novel, revealing the close ties between Woolf's reactionary impulses and conventional techniques. In addition, because of her reactions against classic realism, many of her narrative innovations are directly determined by the conventions of classic realism.
Chapter two, "The Character and the Epitaph: Jacob's Room and Conventional Narration," portrays Jacob's Room as Woolf's explicit rebellion against the narrative strategies of classic realism. In Jacob's Room Woolf employs conventional realistic elements in a parodic manner in order to subvert the conventional stability and closure of classic realistic novels. Through an elusive main character, shifting narrative perspectives, and a parody of the linear, cumulative development of the Bildungsroman, Woolf exposes the workings of narrative strategies, revealing the instability and indeterminacy concealed in conventional narration.
Chapter three, "'The Fabric of Things:' Woolf, Detail and Reality," and chapter four, "'An epitome as well as an inventory:' Woolf' s Poetic Prose" examine Woolf's metaphorical prose. Using the metaphoric and metonymic poles in narrative discourse discussed by Roman Jakobson and Hayden White, Woolf's use of detail is contrasted to that of classic realism. While conventional realism is predominately metonymic, Woolf combines metaphor with metonymy--producing lyrical prose. In chapter three, the conception of reality presented in the metonymic "fabric" of classic realism is contrasted to the vision of reality Woolf conveys through combining metaphor and metonymy. Chapter four provides detailed analyses of the narrative styles of Mrs Dalloway, To The Lighthouse, The Waves, and The Years, focusing specifically on Woolf's different approaches to combining metaphor and metonymy.
Chapter five, which has recently been accepted for publication by Women's Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, is entitled "Desire, Death and Plot: The Subversive Play of Orlando." It deals with Woolf's playful deviation from the conventional uses of narrative desire. Using the works of Leo Bersani and Peter Brooks, this chapter explores the function of narrative desire in the formation of character and in the development of plot, revealing that Woolf's experimentation with narrative desire produces a de-centered subject and a non-linear plot in Orlando.

        Chapter six "Power, Society and Narrative Discourse: Woolf and the Foucauldian Intellectual," compares Woolf's political agenda with Michel Foucault's. In Three Guineas Woolf's analysis of the power structure of her society is astonishingly similar to a Foucauldian genealogy, revealing Woolf's sensitivity to domestic and local sites of power. For Woolf, one such site of power is literature, and in her fiction she dismantles the power hegemony in novelistic discourse, fulfilling Foucault's criteria for the 'specific' intellectual. Sections of this chapter were presented at the International Virginia Woolf Conference in June of 1993.


©Dr. Michael R. Olin-Hitt

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