Because every language is changing along the time and
doesn’t exist a
language that is always the same; an example that he gives to us is the
Shakespeare’s English
and nowadays English, as we can see that it is quite different.
Language change depends on many factors, such as: the area, region, or wherever the language is spoken (geographic factor), it also depends on who uses that language (social factor): how many users a given language has, how many books or magazines are written in that language, etc; and according to the context in which it is used.
Sound change is said to not exist as a language which is not spoken, does not change.
For example, in words of the type of need, keen, knee, /e:/ sound became /i:/ by the course the time, but this would not have taken place by itself without the interaction of the speakers of a given dialect who start pronouncing a sort of words in that way.
Why does Milroy disagree with the Neogrammarians when they say that sound change is “blind”?
The change of the sounds is principally a process by which speakers change their language and for this reason Milroy disagrees with the Neogrammarians’ idea of “blind” sound change.
What is meant by “lexical diffusion”?
Lexical diffusion is a socially gradual process and abrupt replacement pattern, by which a form changes and the resulting form is markedly different to the original one.
That occurs when a dialect is displaced by another which, for some reason, is more dominant and prestigious than the other one at some particular time.
The norms of a language are maintained by social pressures, and codified by the institutions of that society. The truth is that when anybody says something different from what is considered and established as normal, that word said to be wrong.
By the same token, this fact states that language is normative phenomenon.
H- dropping is not a completion since any change in language may not be an end by itself, as language is changing continuosly.
An innovation is done by speakers, while a change takes place within a language system.
Moreover, an innovation tends to be irregular and unstructured, whereas a change is caused as a result of a mistake.
Firstly, a sound goes from speaker to speaker within a society (social factor), so that happens in a determinated place (local factor) at a given time (chronological factor).