If we want to do an analysis from the perspective of time, the first thing we should do, is distinguish between objective time and real time.

 

For the first one the first thing we should do is try to look for any time expression that appear in the text.

There are plenty of them, there is usually at least one in each “page”, otherwise, because of the non-hierarchical and non-sequentional distribution of the text, it would be really difficult to know were we are.

The story starts with this interesting sentence “It doesn’t seem so long ago”, with give us the clue that the whole story is going to be in the past, and with the verb “seem” it plays a bit, since it happened a long time ago, although it is really clear in the character’s mind, but in spite of that is really difficult to situate the story in any historical period because the is no reference to years, but we can find temporary references like August, warm humid fourth of July night, so very long ago,  late one night in March, late afternoon, afternoon, in the morning, every morning, Saturday morning, Sunday morning, December, Wednesday, summer, September, a cold October night  etc. And also phases and adverbs such as no longer, still, always, when, while, usually, suddenly, occasionally, slowly, in a few minutes, , repeatedly, never, continuously, constantly simultaneously, for several days, all day, soon, all night, already, until, instantaneously, late

 

I would like to point out the importance of usually and always when we are talking about habits and repeated action.

 

Giving us references like July, August, September, December, we can deduce that the story lasts about a couple of months, although it is not specified in the text.

 

 

 

 

The verbs also play a very important role here, since depending on the form, they can express present, past or future.

 

The past simple and continuous are the commonest verb form in the text, since the real time of the text is the past.

 

The present simple is hardly ever used, but we can find it in dialogs, which are no so frequent, but the are a few of them along the text.

 

The present perfect and the past perfect appear when the action occurred in the past, but has consequences in the present. 

I want to point out the importance of the verb remember, that have to do a lot with time, because it implies a certain reference to a past “more past” than the time of the story itself. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

 

To finish with, I would remark the importance of a letter, which does not belong to the “objective time”.

 

 

 

 

 

On the other hand, I have spoken about real time, with is the time, I have personally spent in reading the text and doing the whole paper.

When I read the text for the first time I spent around an hour and a half, but the second one was much more ….

And then, I guess I have spent around five hours in total.

 

 

 

 

[inicio]