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Definitions from the Oxford Reference:

Consonant:

→ noun 
a basic speech sound in which the breath is at least partly obstructed and which can be combined with a vowel to form a syllable. Contrasted with vowel.

• a letter representing a consonant.

→ adjective 
1. [attrib.] denoting or relating to a consonant: a consonant phoneme.
2. (consonant with) in agreement or harmony with: the findings are consonant with other research.

• (Music) making a harmonious interval or chord: the bass is consonant with all the upper notes.
- DERIVATIVES consonantal adjective  consonantly adverb .
- ORIGIN Middle English (in the sense ‘letter representing a consonant’): via Old French from Latin consonare ‘sound together’, from con- ‘with’ + sonare ‘to sound’ (from sonus ‘sound’).
 
 
Vowel:


→ noun 
a speech sound which is produced by comparatively open configuration of the vocal tract, with vibration of the vocal cords but without audible friction, and which is a unit of the sound system of a language that forms the nucleus of a syllable. Contrasted with consonant.

• a letter representing a vowel sound, such as a, e, i, o, u.
- DERIVATIVES vowelled ( (US) voweled ) adjective  [usu. in combination] vowelless adjective  vowelly adjective .
- ORIGIN Middle English: from Old French vouel, from Latin vocalis (littera) ‘vocal (letter)’.
 
 
Diphthong
 
→ noun 
a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which the sound begins as one vowel and moves towards another (as in coin, loud, and side). Often contrasted with monophthong, triphthong.

• a digraph representing the sound of a diphthong or single vowel (as in feat). • a compound vowel character; a ligature (such as æ).
- DERIVATIVES diphthongal  adjective .
- ORIGIN late Middle English: from French diphtongue, via late Latin from Greek diphthongos, from di- ‘twice’ + phthongos ‘voice, sound’.
 
 
The pronunciation of “kestrel”
({sm}k{ope}str{shti}l)
 
The main definition of  “philology” in English.
 
Love of learning and literature; the branch of knowledge that deals with the historical, linguistic, interpretative, and critical aspects of literature; literary or classical scholarship.
 
 
The etymology of “crow” and look for the translation into Spanish and paste it in too. 
 
(kr{schwa}{shtu}) [OE. cráwe f., corresp. to OS. krâia, MLG. krâge, krâe, krâ, LG. kraie, kreie, MDu. kraeye, Du. kraai, OHG. chrâwa, chrâja, chrâ, crâwa, crâ, MHG. kræe, krâwe, krâ, Ger. krähe; a WG. deriv. of the vb. crâwan, crâian to CROW, q.v.] In Spanish, “Cuervo”.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXERCISES
 
 

ED-endings


  Write 1, 2 or 3 in the box next to the word depending on whether it is pronounced 1) /t/ 2) /d/  or 3) /ɪd/.

clapped -1       hated   -3     burned -2 

coughed -1     fined -2          planned -2

accused -2       applied -2          shifted -3

cooked -1        washed -1        fanned-2

mated -3       jumped -3        talked -1

cracked -1        baited (poner el cebo)-3  

plunged (hundir, meter: to - a knife into sth) -2

matched -1       missed  -1

 

 

Juncture

Write a or b in the spaces provided. (practice)

1- A

2- A

3- B

4- A

5- B

6- A

7- A

8- B

9- A

10- B

 

ED-endings

Write 1, 2 or 3 in the box next to the word depending on whether the verb ending is pronounced 1) /s/ 2) /z/ or 3) /ɪz/. .

  eats     1               gives     2                  pays  2 
loves      2                 starts      1               lodges 
begrudges   3           kicks    1                  spits  1
runs      2                 dances    3              raises  3
spices     3              rides     2                   dines  2
rues    2                 rushes   3                 says  2

 

 

Cloze Activity

Write 1, 2 or 3 in the box next to the word depending on whether the plural ending is pronounced1) /s/ 2) /z/ or 3) /ɪz/.  

jeeps -1     mazes-3      buses-3
dogs-2         cats-1         blows-2 
catches-3      pens-2        submarines-2 

rows-2       wrists-1      pigs-2 

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