Doctrine derived from the doctrines of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, consisting of the economic interpretation (historical materialism) of the hegelian dialectic, the thesis of which the fundamental force of history is the fight of classes, that will lead inevitably to the destruction of Capitalism, the dictatorship of the proletariat one and, finally, to the establishment of the Comunism and a society without classes.
 
 

Marxist theories

The marxist philosophy of the dialectic materialism is not, substantially, but the interpretation of the social evolution based on the presumption into which, in the society, the economic or " material " factor informs and determines all the other factors. The Marxist theories are based on three doctrines principales:1) materialistic concept of history;2) fights of classes;3) economic theory of the value and the capital gain.

Historical materialism

The theory of the historical materialism, that Marx only developed entirely in the preface of Zur Kritik to der politischen Oekonomie, informs, however, all the marxist thought.According to it all change of articles of incorporation has its root in the development of the material forces of the economía.This development, with its evolution, is not mechanic, but that obeys to the human intervention, although this intervention appears limited by the type of society in which it is originated. In all society the producing forces, as much human as material, are subject to the dominion of a certain class or group that directs and coordinates its use in the production of economic goods.The existence of the state explains based on the benefit and support that contributes to the authority of this leading group;the structure of the society and the institutions of the state come determined by the type of production that prevails.While this group leader maintains its authority, the society and the State will continue being substantially the same;it is not necessary, then, a change in the dominion of the producing forces so that the social evolution can take place.
 
 

The fight of classes
 

Marx interprets history as a fight by the supremacy among economic classes.Marx considered the capital as the most decisive factor and located the most important conflict in the fight between the capitalists and the workers used and operated by them.

Theory of the value

The Marxist theory of the value and the capital gain appears in Das Kapital, the Bible of marxism.Marx based this doctrine on the theory of which the value of a product is in direct relation with the amount of abstract human work that was necessary for produce it.The measure of this work does not give the effort it of a specific individual, but rather the average time required to produce the article in normal conditions.In the capitalist regime the worker sells this human work to the employer in exchange for a wage whose level comes determined by the necessary quantity to maintain and to perpetuate the working-class.

But the human work has the quality to produce more of the necessary thing for subsistence.A working, for example, can produce enough in the first six hours of a day of eight to cover his wage.He produces in the two remaining hours too,and it creates a " capital gain " that in the capitalist society does not result in its own benefit, but in the one of the employer.This capital gain is the origin of which it is understood by "capital".Marx pleaded for the payment of wages to the directors and maintained the necessity that the produced capital gain reverted in property to the true workers who were their makers.He did not recognize, nevertheless, the right of each worker to the capital gain that he has created,but the right of the workers altogether to the created capital gain altogether.