Thomas Carlyle:   A Chronology

1795  Born in Ecclefechan, Scotland, of poor Calvinists who teach him frugality and discipline. He is the oldest of nine children. His father, recognizing Thomas's unusual ability, gives him a good education. 
1809 Finishes Annan Grammar School, then walks ninety miles to enter Edinburgh University, where he plans to prepare for the ministry. 
1814 Leaves Edinburgh University without a degree. Teaches mathematics at Annan Academy and other grammar schools. Devours German literature and philosophy. 
1818-1822 Undergoes spiritual crisis. Abandoning the Christian faith, he converts to believe in a secular order to the universe. 
1823-1824 His first important work, "The Life of Schiller," appears in the London Magazine
1824  His translation of Goethe's Wilhelm Meister appears in the London Magazine
1826  Marries Jane Baillie Welsh, the popular daughter of a doctor. 
1828  Moves to a farm at Craigenputtock to econimize; continues writing for periodicals. 
1829  Publishes "Signs of the Times" in the Edinburgh Review, assessing the spirit of the age. 
1831  Writes Sartor Resartus, his spiritual autobiography, but cannot find a publisher. A unique work, combining novel, essay and autobiography, it is partially published in Fraser's Magazine. Publishes "Characteristics" in the Edinburgh Review. Meets John Stuart Mill, the intellectual and essayist who refined Jeremy Bentham's utilitarianism
1832  Ralph Waldo Emerson visits Carlyle at Craigenputtock. 
1834  Moves to London; begins work on The French Revolution
1835  Completes first volume of The French Revolution and lends the manuscript to John Stuart Mill to read. Unfortunately, Mill's servant uses it to kindle a fire, destroying the work and all the notes. 
1836  Emerson arranges the American publication of Sartor Resartus
1837  Completes and publishes both volumes of The French Revolution.
1838  Publishes Sartor Resartus in England. 
1840-1847  Delivers a series of important lectures, among them "Heroes and Hero Worship" (1840), "Chartism" (1840), and "Past and Present" (1843). 
1845  Publishes his edition of The Letters and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell
1850  Publishes Latter Day Pamphlets
1858-1865  Writes The History of Friedrich II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great
1866  Returns to Scotland to deliver the inaugural address as lord rector of Edinburgh University. His wife dies, wherupon Carlyle finds and edits her diary. He grieves; he goes on to write very little. 
1874  Accepts the Prussian Order of Merit from Bismarck, but refuses an English baronetcy from Disraeli. 
1881  Dies and is buried near his family in Ecclefechan churchyard. 

Based in part upon McGraw-Hill, pp. 135-136



 

Victorian web: http://landow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/carlyle/carlyletl.html
 

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