Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night

 

Do not go gentle into that good night,
Old age should burn and rave at close of day;
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Though wise men at their end know dark is right,
Because their words had forked no lightning they
Do not go gentle into that good night.

Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright
Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,
And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way,
Do not go gentle into that good night.

Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight
Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

And you, my father, there on the sad height,
Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.
Do not go gentle into that good night.
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

 

 

 

                                           Source: http://www.neuroticpoets.com/thomas/donot.shtml

                                                                    Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night

                                                                                                Dylan Thomas, 1951

 

 

 

      First of all, to understand what the poem is about we should have a very detailed  look at the biography of Dylan Thomas to contextualize. Dylan was born in Swansea, a city in South Wales. His father David brought his son up to speak English rather than Welsh. In 1937, he married Caitlin Macnamara and throughout the relationship he had affairs. They had three children. (Life, Wikipedia).

       Dylan is considered one of the most important poets of the 20th century writing in English; while his contemporaries gradually altered their writing to serious topical verse (political and social concerns were often expressed), Thomas gave himself over to his passionately felt emotions, and his writing is often both intensely personal and fiercely lyrical.” (Career and influence, Wikipedia).

      Dylan’s father died on December in 1952, and that’s the reason why he wrote that poem. We know that because the last stanza is addressed to his father “And you, my father, there on the sad height, Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray. Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light”. (6th stanza).

 The death of his father affected him so much. His father always whished to be cremated and that was a traumatic experience for Dylan. “He was told that his father's head had exploded in the oven and he ended up becoming violently ill when the wind shifted and started blowing the oven's smoke in his direction. He asked his wife to ensure that "nothing like that ever happens to me". (Neurotic Poets, Brenda C. Mondragon).

      The poem explores the personal experience of grief and death and it has a sad tone. Its structure is a villanelle, a French strophe which entered in English language poetry in the late 1800s. It is composed by five stanzas which are called tercet and a quatrain. (Villanelle, Wikipedia) Its rhyme is A-B-A, A-B-A, A-B-A, A-B-A, A-B-A, A-B-A-A. We can find visual rhyme; night-light-right-bright-flight-sight-height; day-they-bay-way-gay-pray. The poem has musicality to be easy to remember. Having taken a look at the whole text, I think that this poem is a kind of commemoration to his father, like Jorge Manrique in Spanish literature.

 

      Manrique’s “Coplas a la Muerte de su Padre” are composed by 43 verses in which a third part is dedicated to his father’s death and the rest, to the death with a universal meaning. (Jorge Manrique, Justo Alarcón).

Dylan and Jorge were very much affected by their respective father’s death and both of them decided to think about expressing their feelings through writing poetry. At the same time that both of them earned money by writing new poems, they remember their respective fathers in.

      The 1st stanza makes reference to those that even having everything they wish are happy on earth but old age plays an important role; it doesn’t matter if you are rich or poor because nobody can escape from Death. The poem begins with the same sentence as the title meaning that Death could appear in any moment and as Dylan says, “do not go gentle”, people shouldn’t trust in their lifetime because everything can end in a moment. But the 3rd verse establishes a parallelism with the 9th, 15th and 19th verses through which he openly shows the reader his hate towards death. So Dylan advises everybody to be careful because “old age should burn and rave at close of day” (2nd verse).

      The 2nd stanza shows Thomas’ ideal of the wise men who are considered to know about this fact because they know that even after the death of their bodies, their words will survive forever, so for this reason “wise men at their end know dark is right” (3rd verse).

      In the 3rd stanza he establishes a difference between bright and good men. For him there are a few good men left but even they cry for the bright ones. Here we can observe that he values good men and complaints because they are going to die too, but for him bright men are in a higher position. 

      Again he differentiates in the 4th stanza a new kind of men: wild men. The author also points out that they don’t trust the night because, although they learn too late, they have realised that death will come.

      In the 5th stanza he mentions that even grave men who are near death can be happy because they have lived a long life. Here Dylan says again that he hates death.

 

      Finally, in the last stanza the author directly begs his father not to go gentle into that good night because death threatens every living thing on earth, but as the final verse says he again hates “the dying of the light”.

      As a conclusion, what Dylan Thomas wants to show the reader is that he is really angry and afraid of death because nobody can escape from it, but he writes this poem in an attempt to warn everybody and advise them not to forget to live life while they can.

 

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

 

· Dylan Thomas – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Wikipedia, 2006

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dylan_Thomas                                              17.04.06

 

· Neurotic Poets: Dylan Thomas, Brenda C. Mondragon, 1997 - 2006

 

http://www.neuroticpoets.com/thomas/                                                     15.04.06

 

· Villanelle – Wikipedia, the free encyclipedia, Wikipedia, 2006

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villanelle                                                       16.04.06

 

 

· BBC – Wales – Dylan Thomas – Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night, BBC, 2004

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/dylanthomas/bibliography/pages/do_not_go_gentle.shtml

                                                                                                           

                                                                                                                  16.04.06

 

· Jorge Manrique, Justo Alarcón, 1998

 

http://www.lospoetas.com/g/jorge.htm                                                     16.04.06

 

 

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