THE IMPORTANCE OF BAPTISTA IN “THE TAMING OF THE  SHREW”:

 

        This work is intented to analyse Baptista, one of the most important primary

characters in “The Taming of the Shrew”, by William Shakespeare.

Baptista in the plot:

 

        Baptista is a wealthy citizen of Padua and he has two daughters, Katherina and Bianca. Katherina represents “the Shrew” in the play, and Bianca is “the Prize” as a role play. Bianca is the younger daughter of the rich merchant Baptista and she has a lot of suitors, but Baptista will not allow her to be married until a husband is found for his older daughter Katherina, whose aggressive character has made this unlikely.

 

        Furthermore, Baptista is the unique paternal figure of the family, and so being the head of a family and father of two daughters, he adopts a conservative personality and he is a bit male chauvinist in the education of Kate and Bianca. This fact revels that he will not allow the younger daughter to be married before the older daughter.

 

        As a consequence, Lucentio who arrives in Padua to study, as soon as he sees Bianca, he falls in love with her and he changes identities with his servant Tranio, and gets a job as Bianca’s tutor in order to be close to her. On the other hand, Bianca is also wooed by Gremio and Hortensio and both decided to join forces to find a husband for Katherine. Nevertheless, Petruchio of Verona is visiting Hortensio and he agrees to help his friend by marrying Katherine, above all, when he knows the prize of her dowry that Baptista has to offer to whom marries with Kate because she is reputed through Padua to be a Shrew. She is always bad-tempered and sharp-tongued and she is constantly insulting and degrading the men around her in contrast to the sweetie Bianca. On the other hand , she acts as a Shrew because she feels desperate and jealous about her father’s treatment of her sister.

 

          At the end, Baptista accepts Petruchio as a son-in-law and he arrives late for his wedding and badly dressed, he behaves strange during the celebration and he takes her back to his country house soon afterwards such as Kate submitted to every Petruchio’s order. So then, he demonstrated to Baptista that Kate was tamed by her own husband. After the Bianca’s wedding with Lucentio, Hortensio decided to marry with a rich widow. Finally, Lucentio, Hortensio and Petruchio demonstrate to Baptista to whom belongs to the most obedient woman. To that situation, the three men reclaim their wives and the only woman who obeys to her husband is Katherina, now a tamed person.

Baptista’s role play and personality  in his society:

 

In the Elizabethan period, a gentleman was anyone who was able to practise law, teach in the university, practise medicine and the liberal sciences, afford the deportment, costs and appearances of a gentleman willing to bear these and or so on. Likewise, Baptista, in the society within the play, is considered as a wealthy citizen who educates his daughters showing great courage in the field of nobility as a token of his exalted position. He lives in Padua, the city setting, and a place of culture and learning, of wealth and refinement.

Another important aspect that he agrees and promotes in the society, and above all, over his daughter Kate with Petruchio, is the marriage without love and learn each other over time .

Well, go with me, and be not so discomfited;
Proceed in practice with my younger daughter;
...(II,1, 1007)

Moreover, like in his time, people attach great importance to money to the upper class. This is the reason why Baptista offers a generous dowry to the man who marries his daughter Kate as a custom of the European society, and nevertheless, in order to get a husband for his undesirable daughter. Generally, a dowry was a grant usually consisting of real state, valuables, or money, and it was customary for a bride or her family to provide the groom a dowry. Also, the husband maintained complete control of the dowry. Although he could not transfer it to another person, he could accrue investment income from it for the family. (1)

After my death, the one half of my lands
And, in possession, twenty thousand crowns. (
II,1,964)

Then, in his male chauvinist society, universities would not admit women, the future for most girls involved marriage, children, and household duties. (1) And with regard to his personality, he acts as a male chauvinist man over all the play among his both daughters,  a younger daughter will not be married before the older daughter in a wealthy family.

What, will my daughter prove a good musician? (II,1,988)

As a head of a family, he becomes a sovereign subject to whom his daughters have to obey. However, just as the sovereign had to govern with justice and concern for the welfare of the citizens, parents had to be responsible in the choice of spouse for their children. Thus both practical common sense and religious teaching required that children not be forced into marriages they resisted. Even Kate's father, Baptista, in The Taming of the Shrew, will approve Petruchio's offer of marriage only (2)

. . . when the special thing is well obtained,
That is, her love, for that is all in all.
(II.1.128-29)

In my opinion, Baptista Minola treats his daughters, Bianca and Katharina, like marionettes, expecting them always to do his bidding because  he is who decides whom Bianca will marry (the richest bachelor), and  he is who orders Katharina's betrothal to Petruchio, a man she says she despises.
 

Nevertheless, The Taming of the Shrew is a comedy that satirizes silly or unfair social customs, often through farce. Farce is a type of comedy that relies on exaggeration, horseplay, and unrealistic or improbable situations to provoke laughter. In a farce, plotting takes precedence over characterization. (3)

And finally, there are surveys that show Baptista Minola is like Christopher Sly who relieves anything that the Lords tell him. He readily takes in the tutors and accepts their identities. He also accepts Tranio as Lucentio without any sort of questioning. (4)

Bibliography:

 

 

-http://www.gradesaver.com/classicnotes/titles/shrew/themes.html

 

-http://shakespeare.palomar.edu/lambtales/LTSHREW.HTM

 

-http://www.william-shakespeare.info/play-characters-taming-of-the-shrew.htm

 

http://www.absoluteshakespeare.com/plays/taming_of_the_shrew/taming_of_the_shrew.htm

 

-http://www.novelguide.com/tamingoftheshrew/index.html

 

http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/characters/charlines.php?CharID=baptista&WorkID=tamingshrew

 

-http://www-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/taming_shrew/index.html

-Shakespeare, William. The Taming of the Shrew. Ed. Brian Morris. London and New York: Methuen, 1981.

-The Taming of the Shrew, Texts and Contexts. Ed. Frances Dolan. Boston, New York: Bedford Books of St Martin's P, Macmillan Press Ltd, 1996.

-The Taming of the Shrew. Ed. H. J. Oliver. Oxford: Clarendon P, 1982.

-The Taming of the Shrew. Ed. G. R. Hibbard. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1968

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(1)Elizabethan England: The Social Classes :: London's History :: Discover its great, its strange, its seedy and its inspired past!

http://www.storyoflondon.com

 

(2)http://ise.uvi.ca/Library/SLT/society/children.html

 

(3)http://www.cummingsstudyguides.net/xTaming.html

 

(4) http://www.novelguide.com/tamingoftheshrew/metaphoranalysis.html