test02.html

TEST 02

¿Cuales son las definiciones más corrientes para los siguientes conceptos?

Documenta tus definiciones con los correspondientes URL's.

1) hypertext

Hypertext is the presentation of information as a linked network of nodes which readeres are free to navigate in a non-linear fashion. It allows for multiple authors, a blurring of the author and reader functions, extended works with diffuse boundaries, and multiple reading paths. The term "hypertext" was coined by Ted Nelson, who defined it in his self-published Literary Machines as "non-sequential writing" (0/2).

Many subsequent writers have taken hypertext to be a distinctly electronic technology--one which must involve a computer. For example, Janet Fiderio, in her overview "A Grand Vision," writes:

Hypertext, at its most basic level, is a DBMS that lets you connect screens of information using associative links. At its most sophisticated level, hypertext is a software environment for collaborative work, communication, and knowledge acquisition. Hypertext products mimic the brain's ability to store and retrieve information by referential links for quick and intuitive access.

Our definition does not limit itself to electronic text; hypertext is not inherently tied to technology, content, or medium. It is an organizational form which may just as readily be delivered on paper as electronically. Thus, Sterne's Tristam Shandy is no less a hypertext than Joyce's Afternoon.

2) link

Using hypertext, a link is a selectable connection from one word, picture, or information object to another. In a multimedia environment such as the World Wide Web, such objects can include sound and motion video sequences. The most common form of link is the highlighted word or picture that can be selected by the user (with a mouse or in some other fashion), resulting in the immediate delivery and view of another file. The highlighted object is referred to as an anchor. The anchor reference and the object referred to constitute a hypertext link.

Although most links do not offer the user a choice of types of link, it would be possible for the user to be provided a choice of link types, such as: a definition of the object, an example of it, a picture of it, a smaller or larger picture of it, and so forth.

The lexia is a block of hypertext which is connected to other lexiae through links, which comment upon each other (some might say, dialogue with each other). Roland Barthes’ definition ( S/Z ) provides us with an understanding that this is the basic building block of the hypertextual universe: It is the atom, the letter, the point of hypertext. It is viewed nonsequentially from the perspective of the author, sequentially from the perspective of the reader, and is the embodiment of the poststructuralist ideal: brief interconnected segments whose context is provided by the lexiae that surround it in three dimensions.

A node is an integrated and self-sufficient unit of information, small relative to the complete document. In electronic instances, nodes are often thought of as being small enough to fit on one computer screen. Janet Fiderio states that they "consist of a single concept or idea". Other, grander schemes (such as Xabadu) make allowances for nodes the size of books.

Contrasting these definitions highlights the question of scale. In an essay, a node might be the size of a paragraph or two; in a library, each book might be a node. Fiderio's assertion that "the information contained in a node can usually be displayed on one computer screen" is true only at a certain scale.

This issue of granularity is less important in a hypertext fiction. Authors should be free to make nodes of any size--from individual words to chapters--depending on how they wish to use these nodes to structure their text.

Other synonyms for node include frame (KMS), work space (StorySpace), card (HyperCard), and lexia (Barthes by way of Landow). On the World Wide Web, a node is simply termed a Web Page.

http://www.iath.virginia.edu/elab/hfl0046.html

5) interactivity

In computers, interactivity is the dialog that occurs between a human being and a computer program. Games are usually thought of as fostering a great amount of interactivity. However, order entry applications and many other business applications are also interactive, but in a more constrained way.

On the World Wide Web, you not only interact with the browser (the Web application program) but also with the pages that the browser brings to you. The implicit invitations called hypertext that link you to other pages provide the most common form of interactivity when using the Web (which can be thought of as a giant, interconnected application progam).

In addition to hypertext, the Web offer other possibilities for interactivity. Any kind of user input, including typing commands or clicking the mouse, is a form of input. Displayed images and text, printouts, motion video sequences, and sounds are output forms of interactivity.